The main types of formal dress shoes for men include Oxfords, Derbies, brogues, monk straps, and loafers. Oxfords are known for their closed lacing and classic look, making them ideal for black-tie events. Derbies have open lacing and offer a slightly less formal appearance, suitable for business and semi-formal occasions. Brogues feature decorative perforations and can add a touch of personality, while monk straps have a distinctive buckle closure. Loafers are slip-on shoes that can range from formal to business-casual, offering versatility for various dress codes.